Commissioner Kroes – “Sites that make large sums of money at the expense of creators need to be stopped”

On 24th January, I attended the 2nd IP Forum organised by French MEP Marielle Gallo on the online distribution of audiovisual and music works.  Neelie Kroes, vice-President of the European Commission and a panel of 5 experts completed the list of speakers. There was no representative of the authors. When I first saw the programme, I expressed concerns about the absence of any authors’ representative in the panel.

As it turned out the timing of the IP Forum was very pertinent.  The week-end prior to the Forum, the French press relayed concerns from Mrs Reding and Mrs Kroes about the US legislative proposals SOPA and PIPA and the shutdown of Megaupload. So I took the opportunity to ask Mrs Kroes about this issue in addition to my initial topics (participation of authors in any discussion about the future of the content industry and authors’ remuneration for the online exploitation -my address is below and Mrs Kroes’ speech can be found here- you can leave comments on it here).

Concerning Megaupload, Mrs Kroes clearly stated that Sites that knowingly enable massive copyright infringements and make large sums of money at the expense of creators need to be stopped”. In addition, in answer to my remarks, she said that it is part of her objectives that creators make a decent living from their art, as she declared in Avignon.

After the debate, I was reassured by both Commisisoner Kroes’ team and members of DG INFSO that authors were supported and that any comments attributed to the Commissioner  as to the disproportionate measure of shutting down Megaupload were completely inaccurate. Her only concern was about SOPA and PIPA, hence her statement that “the US legislators have done the right thing by making a pause and seeking a better anti-piracy solution than the SOPA and PIPA bills which were on the table.”

My statement:

“I would like to express my extreme disappointment at the absence of any creators’ representatives from today’s panel.  We are talking about their works, it seems to me only right that they should be involved.

Commissioner Kroes, I have heard this week-end that you expressed concern about the shut-down of MegaUpload. I am reassured to hear today that you agree that these sites which knowingly enable massive copyright infringements and make large sums of money at the expense of creators need to be stopped.

It is extremely important for authors that EU officials do not support such illegal businesses and the simplistic vision of freedom of speech and of the internet against intellectual property rights.

It is your responsibility and mission to design appropriate European anti-piracy solutions which defend European creators and business.

In this field and any other forum discussing the future of the content industry like the forum on the media futures, authors must be present.

Audiovisual authors in particular need concrete solutions to be put in place to help them enforce their right to be remunerated for the online exploitation of their works.  This is an important topic of the July Green Paper on which the SAA made proposals that should not be forgotten when discussing online distribution of audiovisual works.”

CD

Private Copying – Welcome Mr Vitorino

Following up on a joint communiqué we recently signed with a number of other rightsholders (see here), I thought I’d personally welcome Antonio Vitorino as the new mediator for private copying remuneration.

I’m really pleased to see such a high-profile appointee as the job very much needs it.  Private copying has been attacked through the courts and new legislation in various countries since the ICT sector pulled out of the last Commission brokered discussions and it is going to take someone of some stature to balance the different sides of the discussion.

I understand that discussions will start next year and last a few months, I’m looking forward to getting started on that and hopefully coming to a satisfactory conclusion from everyone.  I was very pleased to hear Mrs Jorna of Commissioner Barnier’s cabinet re-iterate the Commission’s support for the basis of private copying remuneration at our conference.

Private copying is a form of remuneration, a fair compensation for the use of Europe’s authors works.  For many authors this compensation is an essential revenue source and needs to be maintained.

CD

Creative Solutions

“Audiovisual Authors Online – Seizing the Digital Revolution”, has come and gone and now that we’ve tied up (almost all) the loose ends that go with organising such an event, I thought I would share a few of my thoughts on how it all went here.

Before I get onto that, I really do have to thank everyone who accepted our invitations to speak as well as all of those who attended.  I hope you all found it productive.

One of things that we wanted to achieve was a logical flow from the work and role of an author practically speaking to the work and role of an author in the online world.  I really felt that we achieved that.

Above all we wanted to give the authors themselves the opportunity to say in their own words how they feel they fit into their industry and the opening online world.  I thought Paul Powell’s keynote really put this into perspective (here).  It was interesting to hear his reasoning behind going into production too.  All of the authors brought their experience of different countries systems and their experience of collective management to the table and I think, for all the differences, the one common theme was the need for fair and transparent remuneration.

The final session, “Creative Solutions”, showed just how cooperation among different players can help find solutions.  If anything it also showed that there is not necessarily a European one-size-fits-all solution, something that I think reinforces the strength of our proposal for a collectively managed unwaivable remuneration right for online exploitation of works which really should act as a safety net for authors who are not already protected by strong collective agreements.

I was delighted to see how much support our call for action and cooperation received both from the officials and other actors in the sector.  If we are going to create a thriving online market for European works which benefits authors then collective discussions and solutions are essential.  The whole day makes me very positive about the future.

If that wasn’t enough, “Les Neiges du Kilimandjaro” was excellent and a great way to end the day.

CD

PS – photos up on the site now too.  Have a look here.

Increasing the availability of European works online

The second part of “Audiovisual Authors Online – Seizing the Digital Revolution”, the conference that SAA is organising this week, is all about how we can resolve one of the eternal frustrations of any author – making sure that his or her works are out there and accessible to the public (legally of course).

We are all aware of the potential of the internet to create the unlimited shelf space that was never possible in the physical world, but turning it into a reality is going to mean changes for a lot of actors in the sector.

We have managed to bring together a fantastic panel of people for this roundtable – all of whom are already actively involved in trying to get European works out there. First of all, we are delighted to have Polish MEP, Piotr Borys, moderating the roundtable. Not only has Mr Borys recently had his report European Cinema in the Digital Era adopted by the European Parliament, he has also put forward a proposal for a pilot project to test some alternatives to the current exploitation windows for certain types of film.

Joining Mr Borys on stage will be 3 people directly involved in online services but all in slightly different ways. Jerome Chung is the co-founder of Under the Milky Way which is looking at aggregating European content to provide large pan-European services such as iTunes a single access point for the necessary licenses. Cay Wesnigk is a man with many strings to his bow. He’s a German screenwriter, director and producer as well as being the chairman of OnlineFilm, a documentary focussed VOD platform – he’ll provide excellent input from all sorts of angles. Maxime Lacour is the Directing Manager of UniversCiné.be the VOD platform that operates in France, Belgium and Switzerland and also works as a white label with other VOD services such as those provided by cable or internet operators. His perspective from a small country like Belgium will be interesting to hear. Looking at the issue from the authors’ organisations perspective will be Janine Lorente from the SACD in France. The SACD is one of the first collective management societies to have negotiated deals with online operators like DailyMotion, so it will be interesting to have her take on the discussions.

Europe’s diversity (both cultural and economic) is one of its biggest assets. It’s going to be very interesting to hear the roundtable’s speakers talk about how we can carry this asset onto the online market and give all European’s access to the broad cultural cinematic heritage that is growing every year.

As always you can find more information on the speakers and the rest of the conference here. The big day tomorrow. Hopefully see many of you there.

CD

SAA Conference – authors in the audiovisual value chain (part 2)

So, as Commissioner Kroes said, authors should be at the heart of copyright.  She used the word ‘should’.  Does that mean that they are not?

Looking at this slightly differently, why not look at the role of authors within the value chain of their industry?  There will be an introductory session as part of Audiovisual Authors Online – Seizing the Digital Revolution, the conference we are organising next week, which will try to nail down exactly that.

The author is where the initial idea or spark happens, but if he’s not supported by a series of other players then there may never be a flame or a fire.

Screenwriters and directors need to work with producers, many often forge long term creative partnerships with them over a number of projects, others set up their own production companies.  The producers then continue to secure funding whether through national support schemes or other partner with pre-financing through exclusive agreements with new co-producers, local distributors, broadcasters, international sales agents and international distributors.

This is how European films are brought to the cinema, television and to online platforms and DVD.  By the time the author’s work has reached these stages there has usually been a number of years since the initial spark and the signing of their first contract and a lot more people between the author and the revenue generated by his initial idea.

Our introductory session will be kicked off by British writer Paul Powell.  Paul has already written a great piece on the life of a comedy writer here and I’m sure his presentation will be fascinating.  He will be followed by a discussion between authors Stijn Coninx, Francis Nielsen, Janusz Kijowski and Andrew Chowns of Directors UK.  We’re honoured to have the session moderated by German MEP Helga Trüpel who has long been a defender of authors’ rights and who I’m sure will get the discussion flowing.

The full programme for the day, registration information for the afternoon and more information on all our speakers can be found here.  There aren’t many places left now so please sign up quickly to make sure you get a seat.

With that I will leave you with the trailer for the film we will be screening (French with English subtitles) after the conference – LUX Prize winner Les Neiges du Kilimandjaro by Robert Guédiguian.

http://www.dailymotion.com/embed/video/xll3w3
LES NEIGES DU KILIMANDJARO- Bande-annonce par diaphana

SAA Conference – Authors in the Audiovisual Value Chain (part 1)

Today I was going to publish a blog about the introductory section of our panel –authors in the audiovisual value chain. It seems however that Neelie Kroes, the European Commissioner for the Digital Agenda, beat me to it. In her speech at the Forum d’Avignon and blog post, Mrs Kroes doubled very much what I would say about the audiovisual authors that our members represent. That they should be at the centre of copyright and beyond that at the centre of Europe’s policy on culture and growth. That copyright should be the tool that rewards them for their efforts.

If you have been following the work of SAA you will know that we are currently working hard on our proposal for authors to be remunerated based on each online access (whether by download or stream, subscription or a la carte) of their works. Europe’s movie buffs as well as the casual film fan would be confident that for every film they watch the author is being remunerated. The beauty of digital goes further as Mrs Kroes points out. It has extraordinary potential for transparency and tracking of uses of works, making remuneration distribution ever more accurate and efficient.

Mrs Kroes suggested that some stakeholders were afraid of the arrival of Netflix. I can assure her that directors and screenwriters want their films to reach new, wider audiences and that any services that do that while remunerating their creators would be welcomed with open arms. The current financing structures for EU films mean that producers get the money from wherever they can and if taking the film from a project to a reality means handing over certain territorial rights then so be it. That could evolve, though, if new sources of financing develop in the future with the arrival of new online services. The current system hasn’t stopped success stories, as Aviva Silver mentioned at the recent ACT conference in Brussels, “The Lives of Others” directed by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck , despite its 52 sources of funding (including MEDIA), won the best foreign language film Oscar.

Finally, Mrs Kroes was 100% right for VAT. Her example for books has its equivalent in the audiovisual world. Why can films at the cinema and on TV be at one VAT rate, while DVD and VOD are at another? So, with Commissioner Kroes having taken the words out of my mouth, look out for my post on the first part of our panel in the coming days. Soon we’ll be announcing some more names for our conference. Registrations are coming in pretty quickly so make sure you sign up here to get a place.

CD

SAA Conference – Audiovisual authors online – seizing the digital revolution – 29th November

SAA Conference - Audiovisual Authors Online - Seizing the Digital RevolutionThe SAA launched a year and a half ago (it seems like yesterday!).  Our first major piece of work was to produce the White Paper on Audiovisual Authors’ Rights and Remuneration in Europe, which we published in February 2011 (you can read it here).  This White Paper presented for the first  time a summary of who audiovisual authors are in the different European countries as well as what their collective management organisations do for them.  It also presented SAA’s proposal for guaranteeing that the remuneration of these audiovisual authors is linked to the success of their works in the fast developing online world.

We did some drum banging to raise awareness of our proposal but we didn’t want to sit in the corner on our own – we wanted to hear what other actors in the sector had to say and to see how we could work together to come up with a concrete legislative solution that help audiovisual authors get their works out there while guaranteeing their remuneration.  All these conversation culminated in the publication of our Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ – here) document earlier this month.

We obviously did something right with the publication of our White Paper as it was picked up by the European Commission as the source for a couple of questions on authors’ remuneration in the Green Paper on the online distributions of audiovisual works (here).  By the end of the week the EC’s consultation on the online distribution of audiovisual works will be closed.  Obviously the work doesn’t stop there though.  The European Parliament has already chosen the rapporteur for a report on the same subject …

The next date for your diaries is 29th November when we will be holding a conference in the afternoon entitled “Audiovisual authors online – seizing the digital revolution. Getting works out and remuneration in”.  This will be followed in the evening by a screening of the winner of the LUX prize (more info here) which will be announced later this week.

We wanted to bring together our White Paper, the FAQ and the actors from the sector as well as policy makers to see if we have been able to reach some consensus on our proposal.  We’re also honoured to have the support of four MEPs from four different countries and political groups, which I think sends its own message about the importance across the political spectrum of audiovisual authors being fairly remunerated for their work in the digital era.

The conference will be split into a few different parts and I will be going into a little bit more detail on each of those here in the next couple of weeks.  We’ll also be announcing speakers very soon so stay tuned. In the meantime, however you can already register for the conference here.

CD

Outofcopyright.com – Out of line

The history of European copyright means that in today’s digital globalised world, things aren’t as simple as some would perhaps prefer.  The question of whether a work is in the public domain or not is a significant one when we consider the potential of the internet to put Europe’s cultural heritage at our fingertips.  It comes as no surprise therefore that, with the advent of Europeana – the EC’s European cultural heritage portal –  the EC has funded a calculator for just this very issue.  The target audience of this calculator isn’t very clear (libraries and archive institutions or the general public?) but is currently accessible to anyone.

Taking into account the complexities of the calculation of the term of copyright protection, such a calculator can only be a good thing if it actually works.  Otherwise it only leads to further confusion and the potential for people to incorrectly use protected works under the mistaken belief that they are out of copyright.

I therefore looked at it with lots of curiosity. The result is that the calculator in question gives completely inaccurate responses for film in 29 out of 30 countries boldly stating that for works first communicated to the public over 50 years ago – “The work is in the public domain. You can duplicate, build upon, and distribute it without permission from the right-holder.

This is wrong.

Article 2 of the Council Directive 93/98/EEC of 29 October 1993 states “The term of protection of cinematographic or audiovisual works shall expire 70 years after the death of the last of the following persons to survive, whether or not these persons are designated as co-authors: the principal director, the author of the screenplay, the author of the dialogue and the composer of music specifically created for use in the cinematographic or audiovisual work.”

When I wrote to Europeana to express my concerns about the impressive scale of the mistake, the official line was, essentially, “this is ok because there are a number of disclaimers on the site”.  These disclaimers explain that there may be other rights to consider for a creative work which may mean that the work is still protected.  Is this a public domain calculator then? What is the use of such a tool?

If Europeana cares about its reputation, either this calculator shouldn’t be online until it has been fully checked or it should be renamed appropriately. Authors from other sectors – please check that your rights are correctly represented on the site and please let the European Parliament and the Commission know if they are not.

Cécile Despringre

A Great Victory for Authors’ Rights in the European Parliament

The adoption of the Gallo report on the enforcement of intellectual property rights in the internal market by the European Parliament on 22 September is a great victory for European authors.

In spite of a disinformation campaign organised by the usual internet activists, feeding Socialists and Greens with supposed threats on fundamental freedoms, a majority of MEPs acknowledges today the negative impact of online intellectual property infringements on European creative and cultural sectors and calls on the Commission “to urgently present, by the end of 2010, a comprehensive IPR strategy addressing all aspects of IPRs, including their enforcement as well as their promotion, in particular the role of copyright as an enabler and not an obstacle, helping creators earn a living and disseminating their works” (paragraph 3).

Good news sometimes come in blocks: the Pirate Party suffered a major defeat in the Swedish legislative elections last Sunday and could not send any representative to the Swedish Parliament, which leaves its sole elected representative in the European Parliament quite orphan. Are times changing?

Cécile Despringre – SAA Executive director

Welcome to SAA’s blog

Welcome to SAA’s blog! You will find here on a regular basis comments, thoughts and insights from SAA’s executive director Cécile Despringre, but also from other contributors on various subjects related to the day-to-day policy-making in Brussels and European audiovisual authors .

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